Environmental Engineering

This study explores how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can support green building construction by reducing carbon emissions and utility costs. AI techniques, including Random Forest (RF) and Genetic Algorithms (GA), analyze site data and optimize decisions affecting quality, safety, and sustainability. Statistical tools like MAE, RMSE, and RMSLE evaluate model accuracy. Results showed over 96% prediction accuracy, with GA models achieving an R² of 0.96 for CO₂ prediction. Cross-validation was used to ensure reliability and prevent overfitting, demonstrating AI’s strong potential in sustainable construction.

Examines the use of industrial waste sludge in brick manufacturing as a sustainable alternative to traditional clay. Incorporating up to 30% body mill sludge (BS) and polishing sludge (PS) enhances brick properties, including compressive strength, porosity, and water absorption. XRF analysis confirms the suitability of sludge due to high SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ content. Leachability and indoor air quality tests show compliance with environmental standards, ensuring safety. The findings support the environmental and economic benefits of integrating waste sludge into fired clay bricks, promoting cleaner production and contributing to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in construction practices.

This review examines Sustainable Greenhouse Cooling Systems (SGCS), which use eco-friendly technologies like natural ventilation, shading, and evaporative cooling to reduce energy use and environmental impact. Through a systematic review of 473 studies from 1973–2024, it identifies key research trends, gaps, and opportunities—particularly the need for integrating renewable energy, enhancing energy and water efficiency, and assessing overall sustainability. Emerging themes include passive and active cooling innovations, AI and IoT integration, and the use of alternative water sources. The study provides practical recommendations and a roadmap to guide future SGCS research within the Food-Energy-Water (FEW) nexus.

Investigates the potential of solar energy as a sustainable and renewable solution for reducing energy poverty, with a focus on its role within India's complex energy landscape.

Presents a sustainability assessment framework that addresses both first-order (efficiency-focused) and second-order (systemic) sustainability performance. Emphasizing scale, decision horizon, and sustainability principles, it aims to evaluate whether actions truly contribute to global sustainable development, addressing the lack of systems thinking in existing sustainability assessments.